> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://whitepaper.nuon.fi/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://whitepaper.nuon.fi/architecture/backstops.md).

# Backstops

There are three layers of risk management in Nuon v2.&#x20;

Firstly, the initial vetoing of proposals by a minority of voting power acts as a filter to the system. This filter primarily prevents bad debt and secondarily filters for sustainable and sufficiently high yields.

Secondly, MaxCap stakers' accrued yield funds redemptions when yields are lower than Truflation. When yields exceed Truflation, the excess yield compounds and remains in the treasury for the staking period, at which time it can be withdrawn.

The system is kept secure if&#x20;

1. the backstop remains sufficient and&#x20;
2. the MaxCap staking period lasts longer than the low-yield season, ideally still leaving some yields for the MaxCap holders.

To this end, MaxCap stakers vote to cap the minting of NUON proportionally to available, expected yields.

At launch, however, the system as described, lacks an initial excess. In the following section, we explain the mechanisms used in the bootstrapping phase of Nuon v2.


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